European Golden Visas 2026: Every Active Programme Compared

European investment residence routes differ in what qualifies, how often a permit is renewed and what is required to maintain it. These guides are for investors comparing Portugal, Greece, Italy, Malta residency and Cyprus, as well as readers researching smaller routes in Latvia and Hungary. Begin with a country guide and use the supporting articles for costs, timelines, qualifying funds or property rules and possible paths to citizenship. Not every programme once described as a golden visa remains open. The closed-programmes articles explain changes in Spain and elsewhere so an outdated route is not mistaken for an active one. The table below displays only figures recorded in each guide's key facts. A residence permit is not itself a passport and citizenship may have separate residence, language and other requirements. Review the complete country guide and confirm the official rules before choosing a route or committing capital.